Abstract

Dr. Smruti Mohanty and Dr. Laxmi kant Mohanty*

ABSTRACT

The emergence of a community pathogen depends on its ability to survive in different environments & to interact successfully with the host. Staphylococcus aureus has a broad pathogenic potential causing a wide range of community acquired as well as nosocomial infections. Staphylococcus aureus infections are associated with morbidity in hospitals & community. The organism has been found to be the most common bacterial agent recovered from blood stream infections, skin & soft tissue infections, pneumonia & hospital – acquired post - operative wound infections. Study of early isolates of MRSA showed that a key genetic component responsible for resistance, mecA, is not native to the S. aureus genome. The main aim is to find out the antibiotic susceptibility patterns of methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus. Materials and methods: A total of two hundred & five different samples from different clinical specialties like surgery, orthopedics, pediatrics etc. This study was carried out between the periods Jan 2015 to 2017. All clinical specimens such as urine, pus, sputum/throat swab, blood, pleural fluid etc. were collected. All the samples were aseptically handled and processed in the Department of Microbiology. Result: A total of 205 isolates from different clinical specimens were studied. This study was carried in the Department of Microbiology, at JLN Hospital and Research Centre, Bhilai. The distribution of cases from different clinical wards, majority were from surgical wards 34.14% (70), in that MRSA was 35.71% (25) & MSSA was 64.28% (45) followed by medicine wards 21.95% (45), in that MRSA & MSSA were 33.33% (15) & 66.66% (30), respectively OBG wards 14.63% (30), in that MRSA & MSSA were 23.33% (07) & 76.66% (23), orthopedics wards 12.19% (25), in that MRSA & MSSA were 48% (12) & 52% (13), pediatrics wards 04.87% (10),in that MRSA & MSSA were 40% (04) & 60% (06) respectively. Men were more prone to acquire the infection by MRSA strain. Among these most of the MRSA strain were from the men over the age of 61-70 & >70 yrs which shows that old age was a definite risk factor concerning MRSA infections. Followed by the age group between 51 – 60 years and 21.73% (10) in 21 – 30 years. The MRSA were seen to be highly sensitive to Vancomycin & Rifampicin which showed 100% sensitivity and also for Amoxicillin (77.77%), Amikacin (61.19%). Conclusion: Staphylococcus aureus infections are important causes of morbidity in hospitals & the community also. The spectrum of disease produced by this organism varies from toxin-mediated phenomenon to pyogenic, acute or chronic infections either primary or post-operative both in the community as well as in hospitals. Staphylococcus aureus has been known to acquire resistance to most antibiotics including the penicillinase resistant ones like methicillin, oxacillin. Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is known to be more virulent than the sensitive ones. MRSA strains have been responsible for outbreaks of nosocomial infection worldwide. As has happened several times in the antibiotic era, this will inevitably promote the emergence of the next wave of antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains.