Abstract

Asish Bhaumik, P. Sravan Kumar, Shubhankar Saha*, M.N.L. Aishwarya

ABSTRACT

Cardiac arrhythmia is a group of conditions in which the heartbeat is irregular, too fast, or too slow and is characterized by abnormal electrical conduction in the heart resulting in ineffective pumping. Dysfunctional nodes in the cardiac muscles lead to irregular heartbeat patterns that can potentially induce severe complications such as cardiac arrest. In western nations it mainly effects elderly population, and in India, it is a common cause of mortality and morbidity in the young. The last decade has witnessed the emergence of a number of therapeutic protocols, both invasive and non invasive, to treat this rhythm disorder. The normal rhythm of the heart -“normal sinus rhythm” can be disturbed due to failure of automaticity, such as sick sinus syndrome, or through over activity-inappropriate sinus tachycardia. Ablation is a non surgical technique, mainly used in its treatment and is of various types like radiofrequency ablation, trans catheter ablation, catheter ablation and Cryo ablation. Atrial fibrillation is the commonest arrhythmia encountered. It doubles the risk of death and increases potency of stroke 5 to 7 times compared to a person without AF. In addition, AF may cause CHF and uncomfortable symptoms related to a rapid heart rate. AF can be treated either by using non surgical or surgical methods like MAZE and Robotically assisted and Minimally Invasive Surgery.