Abstract

Dr. Maryam Saleem, Dr. Mehvish Kiran and Dr. Hira Maryam*

ABSTRACT

Objective: The purpose of study was to observe surgical site infection rate at Department of Surgery, Nishtar Hospital Multan. Study Design: It is an Observational / prospective study. Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out at the General Surgery Unit of Nishtar Hospital Multan, from February 2017 to November 2017. Materials and Methods: Total of 1400 patients were included. Before conduction of study Ethical review committee permission was sought and access to patient data for follow up was obtained. Only those patients who completed follow up for 30 days were included, patient lost to follow up or deceased were excluded. All admitted patients undergoing elective surgery were included and categorized broadly into Abdominal Surgery, Surgery on Thyroid and Parathyroid, Breast Surgery and Perineal Surgery. Demographic data, wound type, comorbid factors, type of surgery, duration of hospital stay were noted on structured questionnaire. All Patient who underwent surgery were managed according to CDC recommendation for prevention of Surgical Site Infections.[5] Wound condition was recorded daily using ASEPSIS score during hospital stay. All patients were given pre-operative prophylactic and postoperative antibiotics. Patients were followed up after discharge weekly for 30 days. In event of Surgical Site Infection wound swab or pus for culture and sensitivity was obtained and appropriate antibiotics according to sensitivity were given. Data was analyzed on SPSS version 22. Continuous variables like age and length of stay were displayed as mean and standard deviation. Percentages were calculated for categorical variable such as gender, type of procedure and co morbid factors. Results: A total of 1400 patients were enrolled in study out of which 195 patients were excluded due to loss of follow up or death, the remaining 1205 patients were studied among them 14.1% (n171) developed Surgical Site Infection (SSI). Rate of infection related to clean, clean contaminated, contaminated and dirty wounds was 1.5%, 3%, 8% and 25% respectively in studies conducted in developed world.[1] Rate of surgical site infection in our study in clean, clean contaminated, contaminated and dirty wounds was 3.3%, 10.4%, 17.2% and 26.9% respectively. Conclusion: Frequency of surgical site infection in our study was comparable to developing countries but higher than developed countries.