Abstract

*Dr. Shivani Badal and Dr. L. Ranjit Singh

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Pre eclampsia and eclampsia are the leading causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Various maternal and perinatal complications are reported. Measures are taken to reduce these complications under child survival and safe motherhood program at various levels. Aims and objectives: This study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, RIMS, Imphal to study the impact of pre eclampsia and eclampsia on maternal and perinatal outcome. Material and methods: A prospective study was done on 81 pregnant women presenting with pre-eclampsia and eclampsia. Detailed history and examination was done. A complete hemogram, liver function tests, renal function tests, coagulation profile, fundus and 24 hours urine for protein were done. Patients were managed as per existing protocol of the department. Magnesium sulphate was the drug of choice for convulsions and labetalol and nifedipene was used for controlling raised blood pressure. Maternal and perinatal complications were recorded. Result: The 65.6% of the patients were unbooked with lower socioeconomic status in 74% and had rural background (74%). Headache was the most common symptom in 37% followed by blurring of vision in 14.8% and ascitis 1%. Maternal complications like PPH (33.3%), pulmonary edema (7.4%), renal dysfunction (4.9%), HELLP syndrome (3.7%), DIC (2.4%), abruption placentae (1%) and pulmonary embolism (1%) were seen. Single maternal mortality was due to pulmonary embolism. Perinatal complications were birth asphyxia 27.1%, preterm delivery 24.6%, low birth weight 22.2% and IUD 8.6%. Conclusion: There is a high incidence of maternal mortality and morbidity and 65.6% of the patients had no antenatal care. Severe eclampsia and pre eclampsia can be prevented by providing early antenatal care. Considering lack of antenatal care at primary health care level, it is now the need of the hour to provide basic maternal health care to most of the population.