Abstract

Dr. Muhammad Idrees Bhutta*, Dr. Muhammad Anees Bhutta, Dr. Anam Shahid

ABSTRACT

Aim of study: To determine the risk factors and pattern of stroke at a tertiary care unit, Multan Methodology: It is a cross-sectional observational study, conducted at Nishtar Hospital, Multan. Duration of study was 6 month May 2017 to October 2017, total 94 patients were enrolled in the study through random sampling technique. Patients with age above 20 and after diagnosing with thorough investigations were selected, ruling out other causes of similar sign and symptoms. History, examination, investigation, medication used and follow up of patient were noted for each patient. Statistical analysis was done with the help of SPSS version 18.0. Results: Total 94 patients were enrolled in the study. 64 (68%) were males and 30 (32%) female. 13 patients were in age group 20-40 years, 10 patients in 41-50 years, 18 patients in 51-60 years age group, 36 patients in 61-70 years age group and 17 patients were having age more than 70 years. The mean age was 54.2±5.5 years. 69 patients were diagnosed ischemic stroke and remaining were having hemorrhagic stroke. The most common sign and symptoms observed in patients were loss of conscious in 31 patients, facial palsy in 12 patients, 66 patients with weakness of any of limbs, 16 with severe headache and 29 were having vomiting at the time of presentation. When we evaluated the risk factors we found that 52 patients were hypertensive and most of them non-compliance with medication. 47 patients were having diabetes mellitus. When we analyzed the results of lipid profile of the patients we found that 60 were having dyslipidemia, 40 patients smoker, 37 patients were overweight/obese. 64 patients were having more than one risk factors. At presentation 10 patients were having GCS ? 8, 28 patients were having GCS 9-12 and 56 patients having GCS 13 or above. We observed complete recovery in sign and symptoms of 10 patients at the time of discharge, partial recovery in 32 patients and no recovery in 47 patients and 5 patient died during hospital stay mainly due to aspiration pneumonia. The mean hospital stay was 5.3±1.8 days. We called these patients for regular follow up and after 30 days we found that there was complete recovery in 21 patients, partial recovery in 50 patients, no recovery in 10 patients, 10 patients readmitted due to some complication and 3 patient died at home during this duration. Conclusion: The present study showed that Hemorrhagic stroke (73%) was more than the ischemic stroke (27%). Male were more as compared to female. Common age group was 61-70 years. Almost 50% patient recovered in 30-40 days. The most common presenting compliant was weakening of limbs. There is need to conduct multicenter studies in order to evaluate the risk factors and clinical profile