Abstract

Dr. Muhammad Amjad, Dr. Maria Abbas Shamsi and Dr. Muhammad Hammad Zaman*

ABSTRACT

Objective: To measure the incidence rate with distribution of dental plaque intraorally and its relationship with cigarette smoking habits in Pakistan population. Study Design: Descriptive / cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at Nishtar Institute of Dentistry Multan from January 2017 to July 2017. Material and Methods: The study population involved 388 adult individuals checkup for free dental examination in a medical and dental camp arranged by Nishtar Institute of Dentistry Multan. Individuals who came to the Out Patient Department (OPD) were 425. In those 388 people (91%) were contributed in this study. A total of eight different sites of dentition were examined for the presence of dental plaque accumulation in each individual (3104 sites). Demographic and behavioural information including several dimensions of smoking habits was collected by questionnaire. Main outcome measures: we did consecutive sampling for collecting data and individuals were allocated into groups on the basis of their smoking status (103 cigarette smokers and 285 non cigarette smokers), the dental plaque accumulated sites were examined by risk factors for example smoking habit, cigarette smoking /years, number and cigarettes’ type/day. Results: Smoking was considerably related with accumulation of dental plaque, predominantly significant in cigarette smokers on the lower anterior lingual tooth surface and in non-cigarette smokers on upper buccal surface was highly affected. Conclusion: More number of dental plaque accumulated sites was found in relation to the degree, duration of smoking and type of cigarettes.