Abstract

Prof. Dr. Fadhil Jawad Al-Tu'ma*, Khamail Hassan Obed and Jawad F. Al-Tu’ma

ABSTRACT

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the most widespread endocrine disease and one of the most acute medical and societal problems, as it leads to early disability and increased mortality from different complications. FTO gene encodes a 2-oxoglutarate-dependent nucleic acid demethylase which is involved in DNA repair and fatty acid metabolism. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL- C), high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C), triglycerides, and total cholesterol are heritable, risk factors for CVD, and usually disturbances in plasma lipid levels accompanied T2DM. Aim: Investigation the risk of allele frequency of FTO gene polymorphism rs9939609 in obese male with type 2 diabetes mellitus and to examine the association of this polymorphism of FTO gene with BMI and lipid profile in obese Iraqi male. Methods: The study included 120 patients (males) with T2DM and 60 healthy controls to explore the relation of these SNPs with T2DM in obese male in Iraqi population. The patients group was enrolled from Al-Husain medical city in Karbala province based on WHO guidelines of T2DM. BMI, FBS, lipid profile and HbA1c were measured, DNA was isolated from whole blood and the FTO gene variant (rs9939609) was genotyped by using ARMS–PCR technique with using specific primers. Multinomial logistic regression was applied to compare the proportions of genotypes or alleles. The odds ratio, T test, and P value at 95% confidence interval (CI) were measured before and after adjustment of BMI and age. Also in the present study the Hardy Weinberg equilibrium was tested. Results: The results of our study showed there is no significant differences between the SNP rs9939609 in the FTO gene and T2DM in Iraqi obese male, and the genotyping results of rs9939609 was consistent with Hardy-–Weinberg equilibrium in obeseT2DM, non obese T2DM, and control individuals (P = 0.05), (P = 0.46), and (p = 0.002) respectively. The results show the studied SNP of FTO gene have significant association with BMI and HDL- C level but not have association with other parameters in obese diabetic patients group while It is exhibited failure of FTO gene polymorphism to affect any of the measured clinical characteristics in non obese diabetic patients. Conclusions: The FTO gene polymorphism rs9939609 have significant association with HDL- C level in obese diabetic Iraqi male but does not affected other tested biochemical parameters.