Abstract

Prof. Dr. Fadhil Jawad Al-Tu'ma, Noor Kitab Al-Hasnawi* and Ahmed Hussein Al-Mayali

ABSTRACT

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) develops when the major blood vessels that supply the heart with blood, oxygen and nutrients (coronary arteries) become damaged. Cholesterol-containing deposits (plaque) in arteries and inflammation are usually to blame for coronary artery disease. The most common type of coronary artery diseases includes: stable and unstable angina and myocardial infarction, a chronic condition that narrows arteries by building fat-filled bulges in the arterial walls. Apolipoprotein A-5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the APOA5 gene on chromosome 11. It is significantly expressed in liver. The protein encoded by this gene is an apolipoprotein and an important determinant of plasma triglyceride levels, a major risk factor for coronary artery disease. Considering its association with lipoprotein levels, APOA5 is implicated in metabolic syndrome. The APOA5 gene also contains one of 27 SNPs associated with increased risk of coronary artery disease. Aim: To assess the association between the Apolipoprotein A5 1131T>C (rs662799) gene polymorphism with the coronary artery diseases of Iraqi population. Materials and Methods: A case-control study was performed at which 100 patients with coronary artery diseases and another 100 healthy individuals were involved. Genotyping of apolipoprotein A5 gene 1131T>C (rs662799) was performed by polymerase chain reaction- Amplification Refractory Mutation system (PCR-ARMS) method. Results: The genotype and allele frequencies of APO-A5 gene polymorphism in CAD and control persons were examined under the co-dominant, dominant and recessive models with the use of multinominal logistic regression analysis. Genotype frequencies of rs662799 were consistent with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in both CAD and control. The power of this study to detect a significant difference at level of 0.05 was 91.2%. The results shown that APO-A5 1131T>C gene polymorphism (rs662799) (homozygous CC and heterozygous TC genotype) was significantly associated with CAD patients and the frequency of C allele was higher in CAD patients. Conclusion: The 1131T>C (rs662799) SNP of APOA5 gene was significantly associated with coronary artery diseases.