Abstract

Dr. Muhammad Sajid, Dr. Muhammad Shahzeb Khan Khakwani and Dr. Fahad Sardar*

ABSTRACT

Background: Diabetes mellitus is the most common endocrine disorder in the world and the incidence of diabetes mellitus is increasing day a day. Among its several vascular complication, retinopathy is devastating micro vascular complication and leading cause of preventable acquired blindness. Objective: Aim of this study was to determine the frequency of diabetic retinopathy among newly diagnosed type II diabetic patients presents at Nishtar Hospital Multan. Material and Method: Total 200 patient with recently diagnosed type II diabetes mellitus with age range from 35-65 years were enrolled in the study. Study was conducted at Diabetic OPD, Nishtar Hospital Multan in 6 months duration from August 2017 January 2018. Participants were also interviewed and examined in order to determine demographic characteristics and medical history. Patients with type I diabetes, hypertension and h/o previous eye surgery were excluded from the study. Fundoscopic examination was performed by consultant ophthalmologist after taking informed consent on all the patients and presence or absence of retinopathy. Results: There were total 200 patients in this study with age ranges age ranges from 35-65 years. The mean age was 46.41 ± 8.20 years. In our study we found that majority of the patients i.e. 88 (44%) were between 46 to 55 years of age. Out of 200 cases, 125 (62.5%) were male and 75 (37.5%) were females with male to female ratio of 1.6:1. After investigating we found that 138 (69%) patients were having diabetes for more than 4 months duration. 101 (50.5%) diagnosed diabetic patients were having monthly income more than twenty thousand. All the selected patients were then undergone fundoscopic examination performed by consultant ophthalmologist for diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy and we concluded that diabetic retinopathy was present in 41 (21.5%). Conclusion: This study concluded that the frequency of diabetic retinopathy in recently diagnosed type II diabetes mellitus was 21.5% which is relatively high and emphasizes the detailed ophthalmic examination of each patient at the time of diagnosis of diabetes.