Abstract

Iglal Khogali, Tarig Osman* and Nahid Osman

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a growing global epidemic and a leading cause of ocular complications, eye complications, and eye diseases, such as cataract, retinopathy, glaucoma, double vision, macular degeneration, and blindness. Objectives: This study aimed to assess retinopathy among diabetic and non-diabetic patient in Sudan eye centre at Khartoum state during the period from October to December 2018. Method: A cross-sectional study was performed, on 150 patients who have attended the retinopathy clinic in Sudan eye centre at Khartoum state during the period from October to December 2018. The Data were collected using questionnaire sheets then analysed using statistical package for social science (SPSS) v 24.0. Result: The study included 150 patients. Most of them (47%) were aged more than 60 years, 47% were female, 59.5 % had secondary education level, 32% were housewife, 15% accountant, 81% had moderate socioeconomic status, 61% were diabetic, 46.5% had more than 10 years duration of DM, 42% less than 5 years, 56% had uncontrolled DM, Insulin used by most of the patients 46.9%, metformin used by 41.7%, and most of the patients were used more than one medication, 86.5% mentioned that they had knowledge about DM complication, 96% mentioned that they developed DM complications, 47% was developed retinopathy, 20.8% HTN, 70.8% had family history of retinopathy, 38.5% of them had mild non proliferative, 85.5% in this study were treated by laser, 89.2% weren’t complaining ADR, 66.4% in this study mentioned that they aware about retinopathy and 94.3% of them getting information from ophthalmologist. Conclusion: This study concluded that the percentage of retinopathy among diabetic patients is higher than with non-diabetic patients. The common type of DR is mild non-proliferative. Most of the patients had DR treated with laser. Additionally, factors that may put the patient at a higher risk of retinopathy: Diabetic control, Knowledge, Adherence to treatment and regular follow up (Cost, Availability and lack of information about DR are the most common reasons for non-adherence to treatment, and regular follow up). There is an imperative need to implement strategies to increase the awareness of DR and the importance of early retinal screening among affected patients in order to reduce the risk of ocular complications.