Abstract

Rashmi Tiwari* and Neha Jain

ABSTRACT

Ayurveda is an ancient health science devoted to the cure on human suffering and for the care of the health of the people. Ayurveda has classified the vital points in the body into 107 and named them Marma.according to Acharya Sushruta marma is constituted by confluence of Mansa (muscle), Sira (vessels), Snayu (nerves, tendons and ligaments), Asthi (bone) and Sandhi (joints). Acharya sushruta believes that Marma sharir covers half of the knowledge of surgery. The term marma means pran, jiva or life. Etymologically marma means Marma word is derived from the Sanskrita root MRU (Mritu), the marma sthan is a vulnerable point and is a seat of prana or life. These points are also known as vital points. According to Dalhan the vulnerable points are those points on the human body surface on which any kind of trauma or injury may lead to death or death like symptoms. Acharya Sushruta has described the anatomical classification of Marma and says that they are one hundred seven in number. According to him the five anatomical structures are basically and essentially involved when there is trauma or injury on marma point. The Rujakar Marmas are predominant in Agni and Vayu guna. They are specifically pain generating in their properties, therefore ruja (pain) is a predominant symptom after injury on rujakar marma. On the contrary one says that the pain is the result in all the pancha Mahabhootas. According to abhighataj lakshan Gulpha Marma is Rujakar Marma marma and basis of rachna prakar it is Sandhi Marma, which is located at joint of ankle and foot with a measurement of 2 Angula. It is classified under the group of Marma which results pain when injured. The other symptoms are stiffness and limping. Anatomical correlation of Gulpha Marma is given to the ankle joint, the most frequently injured sites as it is located between the stable leg and mobile foot. The injury of ankle joint can be studied under three heads namely tendon, ligament and bones. The ligaments predominate in sports injury. This joint is one of the most frequently injured areas of this body since being the connecting link between stable leg bone and the mobile foot. This may be the specific point of observation by Sushrut. Ligamental and capsular injuries at the ankle are usually referred to as a sprain ankle. A ligament or a capsule supporting the fine and delicate nerve fibres are also stretched and lied to partial joint differentiation which may be permanent. The tendon injuries are less common as compare to ligaments, the tendons and ligaments around the Gulpha are comparability more vulnerable due to mobility.