Abstract

Dr. Valentine Belfiglio*

ABSTRACT

One area of Roman military history which has not received sufficient attention is the outstanding nutritious protocol of Roman military hospitals (valetudinarii). Malnutrition and dehydration were two of the many dangers faced by soldiers entering hostile, or potentially hostile territory. A 160-pound marching requires 3,402 calories and 70 grams of protein a day. The field ration for legionnaires consisted mostly of grain-wheat, barley, millet-ground into flour to make bread, biscuits, and porridge. In cases where water and food were in short supply, the fighting effectiveness of soldiers could seriously diminish. Heat exhaustion and heatstroke were additional hazards. Removing moisture from meat by drying it or curing it with salt could preserve it for a short time. While traveling though friendly territory, garrisons could pick wild fruits, vegetables, and nuts. They could also hunt game or fish.[1]