Abstract

Dr. Haripriya Simha*, Dr. N. Hema Sri Lakshmi, Dr. Y. Spandana, Dr. S. Yoga Sree, Dr. G.N.S. Santoshi Lakshmi

ABSTRACT

Aim: To ascertain the etiology, risk factors, complications and reoccurrence in patients with Urinary Tract Infection. Result: Total 150 patients were included in the study. out of then 130 patients were diagnosed with UTI Like in most of the studies on UTI, female patients in our study are significantly higher (58.66%) than male patients (41.33%).Bacteria (86.66%) was found to be most prevalant cause of UTI, followed by Fungi (10%) and viruses (3.33%). Among the risk factors, Medical risk factors (58.91%) were predominant in the development of UTI, followed by common risk factors (28.37%) and Medication risk factors (12.66%). Among the medicational risk factors, use of Immuno suppressant drugs was identified as the leading risk factor found in 24% (36 out of 150), of study population accompanied by use of calcium channel blockers 14.66%, use of muscle relaxants 1.33% and use of anti histamines 2.66% having similar significant impact. 78.66% of the patients had complications. Kidney failure were predominantly seen in 26.66%, followed by Pyelonephritis and Urosepsis with 18%, AGN with 7.33%, Haemorrhagic cystitis with 4.66%, Abscess formation near kidneys with 2.66%, Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis(1.33%). Concomitant conditions were found in 70% of patients with complications.51 patients are found to be recurrent attacks of UTI. Bacterial UTI is commonly treated with ceftriaxone (45%), followed by Piperacillin+ Tazobactum and ciprofloxacin with 12%. Patients with Recurrent attacks were found to be treated frequently with Piperacillin+Tazobactum (24.3%), accompained by Nitrofurantoin with 9.3%.Fungal UTI, patients with first attack were found to be treated with fluconazole(3.33%) and patients of recurrent fungal UTI were treated with AmphotericinB. In viral UTI, patients were found to be treated with cidofovir with 3.33%.and got significant values in student T test using spss software. Conclusion: In our study we concluded that females were more prone to develop UTI than males. Incidence of UTI was high in age group 0-15 yrs and in rural patients. Bacteria was identified as a major cause of UTI. In bacteria, E.coli is major cause of the bacterial UTI. Fever with chills and rigors are identified as a most experienced symptom in almost all patients. Medical risk factors was identified as a major risk factors indicating that constipation plays a dominant role for development of UTI. The impact of concomitant conditions in compliacating UTI has been observed in our study. Nephrotic syndrome is the condition associated with UTI in majority of the patients. More than three-fourth of the patients had complications indicating that kidney failure is found to be greater extent with in 6-12 months, followed by pyelonephritis with in 0-3 months after development of UTI. 51 patients were being experiencing with recurrent UTI attacks, in which 2nd attack of UTI patients were predominant. Recurrent UTI was found in majority of the patients with most of them having untreated kidney stones followed by hydroureteronephrosis. Ceftriaxone was majorly used first line drug in uncomplicated UTI, while Piperacillin+Tazobactum was majorly used in recurrent attack followed by Nitrofurantoin. In our study, we have found 5 drug interactions were significant drug interaction while other 2 are moderate interactions and 5 ADRS were observed.