Abstract

Dr. Usha Kiran*

ABSTRACT

There are many compounds which can block the activity of enzyme urease and improves soil fertility as well as plant growth. Urease is an enzyme found in soil and also in plant residues, it perform break down of urea into ammonium with the help of water and this process termed as hydrolysis of urea. High soil pH and residue environments may causes rapid hydrolysis of urea resulting accumulation of ammonia than ammonium ion. These all processes are responsible for the loss of fertilizer nitrogen to the atmosphere; therefore inhibition of urease activity is prerequisite. In this regards researchers confirmed urease inhibitory activity of many synthetic and natural compounds which can be used for improving soil fertility and plant growth. Phosphoramidates, quinines, thioureas, benzothiazoles and coumarin derivatives, etc. are some synthetic compounds can be used as urease inhibitor. Similarly Garlic, Onions, Leek, Cabbage and Brassica oleraceae, etc. can be used as natural urease inhibitor. Currently urease inhibitor used in agriculture practice and scientific aspects of this area yet to be explored in all dimensions, considering this present article summarizes various aspects on natural and synthetic urease inhibitors and their role in agriculture.