Abstract

Shravan Soni* and Prashant Vinode

ABSTRACT

Quinolones are synthetic, broad-spectrum antibacterial drugs that were initially developed during the manufacturing of chloroquine. In 1962, the first quinolone, nalidixic acid, became therapeutically available. It was largely used to treat urinary tract infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria like Escherichia coli and other potentially harmful strains. The development of novel quinolone analogues with better activity that could be utilised to treat different bacterial infections has recently been the subject of extensive investigation. Site-specific substitution is used to produce these novel analogues, and the modifications at the C-6 and C-8 locations lead to more potent drugs. Fluroquinolones, which account for a sizeable portion of quinolones used in medicine, are produced by substituting a fluorine atom at the C-6 position. By swapping the rings of the piperazine or methyl piperazine, pyrrolidinyl, or piperidinyl compounds, effective analogues can also be made. Nine analogues in total are listed in this review. This is due to a number of factors, some of which are discussed in this article, but there is also a lot of ongoing research being done to find new, powerful antimicrobials. There are numerous causes for this, some of which are covered in this article, but there is also a tonne of active research being done to find new, effective antimicrobials.