Abstract

Abhishek Yadav1*, Surendra Singh Gusain and S. M. Patil

ABSTRACT

Zanthoxylum, often known as "Timoor," is used as a spice, mouth freshener, and fish intoxicant. In this work, the separated chemical components and biological activity of the genus Zanthoxylum are documented. The Rutaceae family of aromatic deciduous trees and shrubs includes zanthoxylum limonella. Different portions of Z. limonella are used in traditional medicine to cure conditions like dental cavities, diarrhea, stomach aches, and rheumatism. The fruits, stem barks, and stems have been found to contain secondary metabolites. Alkaloid, amide, lignin, coumarin, and terpenoid chemicals are found in the plant. Native Americans have long employed the roots/rhizomes of black cohosh (Actaea racemosa L. syn. Cimicifuga racemosa [L]. Nutt., Ranunculaceae) to treat colds, rheumatism, and several diseases connected to women's health. Many plant species were found to be employed as food ingredients and in the treatment of hypertension, inflammation, pain, and mental disorders. The biological activities of both plant extracts and their phytoconstituents, including their modes of action, are reviewed. Over 500 chemicals have been identified from Z. species. Traditional medicines made from zanthoxylum piperitum DC. (ZP) are mostly used in Asian nations like Japan. This investigation is into the antinociceptive properties of ZP essential oil (ZPEO). The essential oil's primary ingredient was beta-(29.39%) Phellandrene. It is local to the Caribbean, Focal America, and South America. The species is generally developed in tropical and subtropical districts for its sweet-smelling leaves, which are utilized in culinary dishes and as a customary medication. Xanthophylum pipertium is a little tree or bush that normally develops to a level of 2-5 m (6.6-16.4 ft). The leaves are straightforward, elongated to curved, and measure 2-10 cm (0.79-3.94 in) long and 1-3 cm (0.39-1.18 in) in width. The leaves are sweet-smelling and have a sharp taste. The blossoms are little, white, and borne in groups. The natural product is a little, beefy berry that becomes yellow or orange when ready. This essay compiles an overview of research on Zanthoxylum armatum DC's pharmacological effects, phytochemical composition, and problems. Indigenous medicines are prepared using diverse plant parts such as leaves, fruits, stems, bark, seeds, and roots to treat a variety of ailments. It has antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antibacterial, insecticidal/larvicidal, and other biological actions. A plant with several therapeutic properties called Zanthoxylum armatum DC. is widely used in traditional medicine to treat a wide range of illnesses, including cancer. The purpose of the current work is to molecularly identify Zanthoxylum armatum, which was gathered from various locations in Manipur, India.