Abstract

Remya S. B.*, Rakeshkumar Jatt and Anoopa John L.

ABSTRACT

Herbal medicine, also known as phytotherapy or botanical medicine, is an ancient healing practice that uses the therapeutic properties of plants and plant-based substances to promote health and treat various ailments. Phytochemical properties and anticancer activity of C. infundibuliformis (L.) ethanolic extract collected from Jamia Salafiya Pharmacy College Campus in Kerala, South India. C. infundibuliformis (L.) Authentication by experts from the Institute of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding (IFGTB), Coimbatore, and deposition in the Fischer Herbarium (accession number 25233) ensured the reliability of the collected samples. Physical, chemical, qualitative, quantitative, and MTT assays of the ethanolic extract were performed using the standard protocol. The ethanolic extract of C. infundibuliformis had a semi-solid consistency, distinctive brown colour, and a yield percentage of 8.67, suggesting the presence of valuable bioactive compounds. Qualitative analysis revealed the presence of steroids, triterpenoids, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, and tannins, indicating their rich chemical composition with potential pharmacological significance. Quantitative assessments estimate the phenolic compound and flavonoid concentrations and provide valuable insights. The total terpenoid content, determined using the lupeol technique, highlighted the presence of terpenoids in the extract. LC-MS analysis identified various compounds that contribute to the potential therapeutic properties of the plant. The study extended the cytotoxic effects on SK-MEL-3 skin cancer cells, with the MTT assay demonstrating an inhibitory effect and IC50 values falling within the range of 62.5 to 1000 µg/ml. The AO/EB staining technique visually represented morphological alterations in treated cells, indicating the potential apoptotic effects induced by the extract. This comprehensive analysis of C. infundibuliformis (L.) not only elucidates its chemical composition but also underscores its potential therapeutic applications, particularly in cancer treatment. This study sets the stage for further exploration and development of pharmaceuticals derived from this natural source.