Abstract

Vijay Kumar Verma, Virendra Verma, Ram Anuj Verma, Sarita K. Yadav* and Rudra P. Ojha

ABSTRACT

This study investigated the effects of age, diet, BMI, economic status, and lipid profile on the prevalence of diabetes, alongside examining the prevalence of mood disorders and cardiovascular health as risk factors associated with diabetes. Conducted as a cross-sectional observational study, it focused on the rural population of Ayodhya district, Uttar Pradesh, selecting 205 diabetic participants (109 males and 96 females) from the outpatient department of a government hospital through a simple random sampling technique. Participants were individually interviewed using a structured questionnaire to assess demographic factors, cardiovascular diseases, mood disorders, and other complications. The study found a statistically significant relationship between vegetarian and non-vegetarian food habits and diabetes status. Dietary habits, specifically a preference for non-vegetarian diets, were more common among diabetic patients. This aligns with the broader understanding that food intake is strongly linked with obesity, not only through the volume consumed but also through the composition and quality of the diet. The overall prevalence of diabetes among the participants was 63.14%, with mood disorders present in 71.15% of diabetic patients. Additionally, 6.1% of diabetic patients had both mood disorders and cardiovascular disease, indicating a statistically significant association between these conditions. Plasma lipid levels were higher in diabetic patients compared to the control group, but age, BMI, and socioeconomic status showed a non-significant effect on diabetes prevalence. These findings underscore a higher prevalence of mood disorders among diabetic patients and highlight the strong association between the incidence of diabetes and lifestyle factors, including dietary habits and economic status. The study emphasized the need for integrated care approaches that address both the physical and mental health aspects of diabetic patients to improve their overall quality of life and health outcomes.