Abstract

*Dr. Surendra Kumar Sikarwar, Dr. Shiromani Mishra, Dr. Pooja Sahu

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Drug standardization entails confirming the drug's identity and assessing its purity and quality. Generally, herbal preparations imply the utilization of fresh or dried plant parts. The exact information on such raw drugs is vital in herbal remedies' making, safety, and efficiency. The active ingredients of crude pharmaceuticals are currently estimated using various techniques, including botanical, chemical, spectroscopic, and biological methods, in addition to their physical constants, as a result of advances in our understanding of their chemical makeup. Plants have been used in Ayurveda to treat a variety of illnesses. In this assessment, an effort has been made to summarize some Extraction techniques including the separation of medicinally active parts of plant organisms from the inert components using specific solvents. The type of solvent utilized in the extraction technique greatly influences the systematic research of plant species to discover new bioactive components and successfully evaluate biologically active substances from plant parts. Methodology: Researchers have traditionally found it difficult to extract the bioactive plant components. The standard strategies of medicinal plant extraction comprise maceration, infusion, percolation, digestion, decoction, hot continuous extraction, aqueous-alcoholic extraction through fermentation, counter-current extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, ultrasound extraction (sonication), supercritical fluid extraction, photonic extraction, etc. components using specific solvents. Result: Attempts to provide an overview of specific extractants and extraction procedures, along with their benefits and drawbacks. Discussion: Herbal medicines have few or no side effects, making them the best choice over current synthetic drugs Because of this, researchers are focusing on evaluating and characterizing different plants and plant elements against various ailments based on the traditional claims made by Ayurvedic herbs. Efforts must be made to develop batches that are as pleasant and consistent as possible while adhering to the best extraction procedures.