Abstract

Selma Merza Hasan, Heider Hemeed Abbas* and Lubna Makki Hussein

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Periodontitis is one of periodontal disease occur as a result to bacterial infection which associated with the accumulation of dental plaque. Gingival inflammation or Gingivitis is a non-destructive periodontal disease associated with redness, swelling and Most commonly, gingival inflammation is occurs in response to plaque accumulation on tooth surfaces. Gingival disease is multi factorial may relate to environmental and genetic factors, as blood groups is considered as a genetic factors. Aim of study: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of ABO blood grouping with type of Rh factor on plaque formation and gingivitis in orthodontic patient. Material and methods: The participant in this study were 100 patient, they were assessed after 3-4 months from the initiation of treatment to evaluate the reaction of different patient with different blood groups to the orthodontic treatment, all the patients wearing the same orthodontic appliance from the same company. The patients were subjected to two assessments to evaluate the plaque formation and gingival health (plaque formation and gingivitis). Result and discussion: The statistical analysis of the result regarding the gingival index show non-significant difference between the positive and negative blood group type, that’s mean the Rh factor has no effect on plaque formation and gingival inflammation (gingivitis). But there was significant difference between some different blood groups. It was found that blood group O have associated with gingivitis more than other groups in addition that there was significant difference between O and all other types of blood groups. There was significant difference between A group and AB type of blood group but non-significant difference between A and B groups and also between B and AB. The difference between results of different studies may be attributed to the geographical area and the distribution of blood groups among different countries of the studies.