Abstract

Dr. Nitinkumar R. Moradiya*

ABSTRACT

Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a leading respiratory pathogen that significantly impacts global public health, especially among vulnerable populations. First identified in 2001, HMPV shares clinical and seasonal characteristics with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) but remains less recognized in surveillance and management efforts (van den Hoogen et al., 2001). This systematic review explores the epidemiology, clinical impact, and public health implications of HMPV. Analysis of global data indicates a prevalence rate of 5-25% in individuals presenting with respiratory infections, with the highest burden observed in children under five, the elderly, and immunocompromised populations (Edwards et al., 2013; Divarathna et al., 2021). HMPV infections contribute significantly to healthcare resource utilization, particularly hospitalizations, and are associated with secondary complications such as pneumonia and exacerbations of chronic respiratory conditions. Its economic impact includes direct medical costs and indirect costs due to lost productivity and caregiving. Despite its burden, gaps in diagnostic capabilities and inconsistent global surveillance hinder effective disease tracking and public health interventions. Molecular diagnostics, while accurate, remain underutilized in resource-limited settings. Advancements in vaccine development and antiviral therapies are critical unmet needs for HMPV. Research is increasingly focused on understanding the virus's antigenic variability and optimizing protective strategies for high-risk populations. This review underscores the necessity of targeted public health interventions, including enhanced awareness campaigns, strengthened surveillance systems, and policy integration to include HMPV in respiratory virus frameworks. Addressing these gaps is vital for mitigating the health and economic burden of HMPV globally.