Abstract

Goduguluri Mitravindha, Bathula Chandrika and Spoorthi Sree Potru*

ABSTRACT

The birth control pill is the most commonly prescribed contraception method in the US, with 25% of women aged 15 to 44 preferring it. This hormonal tablet, containing estrogen and progesterone, is used to prevent conception and regulate monthly bleeding. However, due to their negative effects on at-risk groups, other methods of contraception are also employed. Contraception prevents pregnancy by blocking sperm interaction with the developed ovum. They help the menstrual cycle and some medical disorders. Non-pharmacological treatments include periodic abstinence and barriers, whereas pharmaceutical treatments include spermicide, spermicide-implanted barrier method, and hormonal contraception. The combination treatment of estrogen and progesterone suppresses gonadotropin production by negative feedback inhibition. Combining estrogen and progesterone lowers Luteinizing hormone production, which inhibits the mid cycle surge. Treatment options include combination and phased tablets.